Review



iec 18  (ATCC)


Bioz Verified Symbol ATCC is a verified supplier
Bioz Manufacturer Symbol ATCC manufactures this product  
  • Logo
  • About
  • News
  • Press Release
  • Team
  • Advisors
  • Partners
  • Contact
  • Bioz Stars
  • Bioz vStars
  • 95

    Structured Review

    ATCC iec 18
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Iec 18, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 286 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/iec 18/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 286 article reviews
    iec 18 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Zoological transmission of encephalomyocarditis virus in the United States: Virus evolution, host ecology, and capsid antigenicity derived from an outbreak"

    Article Title: Zoological transmission of encephalomyocarditis virus in the United States: Virus evolution, host ecology, and capsid antigenicity derived from an outbreak

    Journal: PLOS Pathogens

    doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013861

    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and (C) IEC-18 (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and (C) IEC-18 (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).

    Techniques Used: Infection



    Similar Products

    iec 18  (ATCC)
    95
    ATCC iec 18
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Iec 18, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/iec 18/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    iec 18 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC rat intestinal epithelial cell line
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Rat Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/rat intestinal epithelial cell line/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    rat intestinal epithelial cell line - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC intestinal porcine enterocytes
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Intestinal Porcine Enterocytes, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/intestinal porcine enterocytes/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    intestinal porcine enterocytes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC intestinal epithelial cells
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Intestinal Epithelial Cells, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/intestinal epithelial cells/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    intestinal epithelial cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC normal rat small intestine epithelial iec 18 cells
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Normal Rat Small Intestine Epithelial Iec 18 Cells, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/normal rat small intestine epithelial iec 18 cells/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    normal rat small intestine epithelial iec 18 cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC atcc medium 1589
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Atcc Medium 1589, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/atcc medium 1589/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    atcc medium 1589 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC rat ileum epithelial cells iec 18
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Rat Ileum Epithelial Cells Iec 18, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/rat ileum epithelial cells iec 18/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    rat ileum epithelial cells iec 18 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    ATCC rat intestinal epithelial cells iec 18
    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and <t>(C)</t> <t>IEC-18</t> (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).
    Rat Intestinal Epithelial Cells Iec 18, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/rat intestinal epithelial cells iec 18/product/ATCC
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    rat intestinal epithelial cells iec 18 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    Image Search Results


    (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and (C) IEC-18 (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).

    Journal: PLOS Pathogens

    Article Title: Zoological transmission of encephalomyocarditis virus in the United States: Virus evolution, host ecology, and capsid antigenicity derived from an outbreak

    doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013861

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A-E) Multi-step growth curves and EMCV cytopathology in intestinal cells. Cells were infected at an MOI = 0.001 and harvested daily for 7 days. Cells shown are (A) HIEC-6 (human small intestinal enterocytes), (B) CMT-93 (House mouse large intestinal/rectal carcinoma cells), and (C) IEC-18 (Norway rat small intestinal [ileum] epithelial cells). Note EMCV infection in rat intestinal cells is non-cytolytic, in contrast to human and mouse cells. Scale bar = 100µm; (D) An overlay between the three cell lines highlights the reduced replication kinetics observed in rat intestinal cells over time; (E) Growth curves in IEC-18 cells infected with an MOI = 0.001 or 0.1 of EMCV over a 30-day period. Similar to the 7-day growth curve, EMCV infection in IEC-18 cells shows no cytopathology over the course of 30 days and infection is ultimately cleared from cells; (F) Multi-step growth curves in kidney cells from various hosts. Cell lines shown are BHK (Syrian golden hamster), OK (Virginia opossum), Vero E6 (African green monkey), MDCK (domestic dog), and Efk3B (big brown bat). Both BHK and Vero E6 cells, which are defective in interferon production [ , ], are routinely used in viral diagnostics for EMCV. Note a host restriction for EMCV in dog kidney and big brown bat kidney cells. An overlay of growth curves is shown to highlight the differences of titers in various kidney cell lines. Image was created, in part, using BioRender (Allison, A. [2026] https://BioRender.com/umgiypr ).

    Article Snippet: During the 2019 outbreak and up to post-outbreak Oct 2020, a subset of 40 qRT-PCR-positive samples were subsequently shipped to the University of Florida and tested for virus isolation in cell culture using the protocols listed above, with the addition of IEC-18 (Norway rat [ Rattus norvegicus ] ileum) cells (ATCC).

    Techniques: Infection